Shortly after his return to Iraq, in 1940, upon completing his architecture studies in England, Madhloom was exiled by the British to Rodehesia for participating in the Gailani coup, in 1941.
He came back in 1945 and worked at the Mayoralty of Baghdad and at the department of Social Affairs.
In 1950, he founded an architecture office with his brother, architect Said Ali Madhloom. At that time, most architects in the country were British, and traditional architecture and building techniques were being replaced by western notions. Madhloom was among the first Iraqi architects of that period. His work was considered to be one of the most experimental.
In the early 1960s he left Iraq to Egypt, and he worked for the Gulf countries until his death in 1973; he was buried in Beirut, Lebanon.